In three poems in the 1889 collection Crossways, Yeats has used India as the setting– The Indian to His Love, Anushaya and Vijaya, and The Indian Upon God, noted Betik. Several works of William Butler Yeats were inspired by Hindu spiritual ideas. Yeats was also heavily inspired by the teachings of Mohini Mohan Chatterjee, who came to Dublin in 1885 as a representative of the Theosophical Society. Several works by Irish poet and dramatist Yeats promote ideas from Hindu spiritual texts.īailey Betik wrote in the paper ‘Yeats, WB, India, and Rabindranath Tagore’ that it was his friend and fellow poet AE, pseudonym of George William Russell, who introduced Yeats to the Upanishads. In the whole world, there is no study so beneficial and so elevating as that of the Upanishads,” he said, as per the report.įamous American poets Ralph W Emerson, Walt Whitman and Henry David Thoreau have been credited for popularising this Hindu religious text in the US.ĪLSO READ: How PM Modi’s visit to the US is sparking a wave of investments “From every sentence of the Upanishads deep, original and sublime thoughts arise, and the whole is pervaded by a high and holy, and earnest spirit. German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer, who came across the book, became greatly impressed by the Upanishads, who – as per TNIE – called them “the production of the highest human wisdom”. In 1775, Dara’s translation was discovered by a French resident at the court of Shuja-ud-daula, Nawab of Awadh, who sent the copy to Anquetil Duperron, a popular French traveller and translator, as per The New Indian Express (TNIE) report.ĭuperron translated the book from Persian into Latin and named it Oupnekhat. According to ThePrint report, Dara, who lived from 1615 to 1659, translated the Bhagavad Gita and 52 Upanishads from Sanskrit to Persian. But can they keep it?ĭara Shikoh, the eldest son of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal, had a keen interest in the religions of the world. The Upanishads say this brahman dwells in the atman, the eternal core of a human, the article added.ĪLSO READ: PM Modi gifts Bidens a sandalwood box and green diamond. The translation and collaboration between the two authors occurred throughout 1930s and it was one of the final works of Yeats.Ī copy of the first edition print… /yIi9QW290rĪs per the Britannica article, “Upanishads present a vision of an interconnected universe with a single, unifying principle behind the apparent diversity in the cosmos, any articulation of which is called brahman.” In 1937, WB Yeats published an English translation of the Indian Upanishads, co-authored with Shri Purohit Swami. This ancient Hindu sacred text teaches how the “individual self ( atman) finds the ultimate reality ( brahman)” through an “inner spiritual journey”, author Janet Zimmerman Marsh noted in the Yeats Eliot Review, posted on Gale Academic Onefile.įrom the middle of the 5th century to the 2nd century BCE, 13 well-known Upanishads were composed, including Brihadaranyaka, Chandogya, Taittiriya, Aitareya, Kaushitaki, Kena, Katha, Isa, Svetasvatara, Mundaka, Prasna, Mandukya, and Maitri, according to Britannica.īesides these, there are hundreds of other Upanishads. There are four Vedas – Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, and Atharvaveda.Īs per The Hindu report, Upanishads are referred to as Vedanta as they form the concluding parts of the Vedas. Upanishads are one of the four texts that together compile each of the Vedas – a collection of poems or hymns written in Sanskrit. What are Upanishads and why are they significant? What is WB Yeats’ connection to Hinduism? We explain.
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